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Taxonomic Information on Cultivated Plants in GRIN-Global




Literature References

For ease of computerization, 0 literature abbreviations have thus far been developed in GRIN-Global for standard references, floras, and serial publications commonly seen in the database. These are only cursorily displayed to public users of GRIN-Global, although for brevity they have been used in publications such as Technical Bulletins 1757 and 1796. They are employed for the 0 literature citations in GRIN that link to 0 accepted and 0 synonym species or infraspecies names. An additional 0 references exist in GRIN-Global for genera, these mainly documenting recent taxonomic revisions or monographs of all or part of a genus or recent phylogenetic studies. Though the number of references presented for a given taxon may be extensive, the listings should not be considered exhaustive. If all reported information (taxonomy, nomenclature, distribution, etc.) is documented in a few references, these might be the only ones cited. Other references may treat the taxon, but add no new information, so these may not be entered in GRIN-Global. This is particularly true for genera with recent comprehensive monographic treatments that are the source of most GRIN-Global taxonomic data for those genera. Other references may be included only to document alternative taxonomic treatments, orthographies, or authorship for a name. Generally these alternatives will be indicated with comments following the reference citation. The absence of a comment can usually be taken to imply correspondence in treatment between GRIN-Global Taxonomy and the particular reference.



Banco Nacional de Germoplasma Vegetal Policy

The “Banco Português de Germoplasma Vegetal” (BPGV) conserves living seed and plant samples of mainly Portuguese crops and their wild relatives.

BPGV ensures that the genetic resources that support our food supply are both secure in the medium and long term for future generations and available for use by farmers, plant breeders, and researchers.

These collections are important to ensure that crop plants, which may contain genes to resist disease, provide enhanced nutrition, or survive in changing or harsh environments do not become endangered or extinct over time.

The BPGV located in Braga, Portugal maintains clonal and seed collections of the most important crops, such as cereals, grain legumes, vegetables, medicinal and aromatic plants, forage, pasture and fruit species.

The BPGV is maintained as a global public good under the FAO International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA).

BPGV is the custodian of one of the largest germplasm collections, with more than 10,000 accessions maintained as seeds and living plants, and recently started a cryopreservation programme.


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This software was created by USDA/ARS, with Bioversity International coordinating testing and feedback from the international genebank community. Development was supported financially by USDA/ARS and by a major grant from the Global Crop Diversity Trust. This statement by USDA does not imply approval of these enterprises to the exclusion of others which might also be suitable.

USDA dedicates this software to the public, anyone may use, copy, modify, publish, distribute, perform publicly and display publicly this software. Notice of this access as well as the other paragraphs in this notice shall be included in all copies or modifications of this software.

This software application has not been tested or otherwise examined for suitability for implementation on, or compatibility with, any other computer systems. USDA does not warrant, either explicitly or implicitly, that this software program will not cause damage to the user’s computer or computer operating system, nor does USDA warrant, either explicitly or implicitly, the effectiveness of the software application.

The English text above shall take precedence in the event of any inconsistencies between the English text and any translation of this notice.

Last updated: 25 September, 2021